Brussels Airport traces its origins to a military airfield the German occupiers built at Melsbroek in 1940, on a plateau northeast of the Belgian capital. After the war, Belgium developed the civil airport on the Zaventem side of the field.
A new terminal opened in 1958 to welcome visitors to Expo 58, the Brussels World's Fair. The airport became the home of Sabena, Belgium's storied flag carrier, whose 2001 bankruptcy was a national trauma. Successor Brussels Airlines, now part of the Lufthansa Group, carries on the hub role.
Modernization continued with a new terminal in 1994 and Pier A in 2002, connected by one of Europe's larger airside complexes. On March 22, 2016, the departure hall was struck by terrorist bombings that killed and injured many. The airport rebuilt and recovered traffic within months, a resilience it commemorates each year.
Alongside passenger flying, Brussels developed Brucargo into one of Europe's leading pharmaceutical air freight centers. During the pandemic the airport became a crucial export node for COVID-19 vaccines produced in Belgium. Today it handles over 22 million passengers annually and serves as Belgium's dominant intercontinental gateway.