El Dorado International Airport opened in 1959, replacing Bogota's older Techo airport. Took its name from the legend of El Dorado, the mythical golden king of the Muisca people whose ceremonies on a nearby highland lake drew Spanish conquistadors to the region. Built on the savanna west of the Colombian capital at more than 8,300 feet above sea level, it became the home of Avianca, one of the oldest airlines in the world, founded in 1919.
A second parallel runway opened in 1998 to relieve growing congestion. The airport's biggest transformation came under a concession awarded in 2006 to the OPAIN consortium, which demolished the aging 1959 terminal and delivered a unified modern passenger terminal in stages between 2012 and 2014, along with an overhauled cargo complex.
El Dorado has since climbed to become one of Latin America's three busiest passenger airports, alongside Mexico City and Sao Paulo Guarulhos. It is consistently the region's number one airport for air cargo, powered above all by Colombia's flower export industry. Studies are underway for additional capacity, including proposals for a complementary airport on the Bogota savanna.